ABSTRACT
Introduction: Breast cancer is hormone related disease and concerned hormones are Estrogen and Progesterone. Not all patients with breast cancer are positive for Estrogen receptor[ER] and Progesterone receptor [PR]. Western literature shows majority of patients have positivity for ER /PR or both but our experience at Allied Hospital is different as majority of patients have negativity especially the young patients. The objective of this study is to determine the frequency of ER and PR status in breast cancer patients
Material and Methods: Duration of study: January 2010 to December 2011
Study design: Descriptive case series
Place of study: Department of Clinical Oncology Punjab Medical College /Allied Hospital Faisalabad
Sample Size: All breast cancer patients visited our department in two years in all age groups
Data collection and analysis: Data was collected and entered in specified proforma and analysed manually
Results: Total number of patients enrolled in this study were 866[100%] out of which 860[99.3%] were female and 6[0.7%] were ale. 470 [55%] female patients were premenopausal and 390 [45%] were postmenopausal. Immunohistochemical staining was done in 396[45.7%] only others were not affording for it. ER positive, PR positive [both] were 130 [32.8%] patients and both negative were 205 [51.8%]. ER positive, PR negative were 40[10.1%] and ER negative, PR positive were 21[5.3%]. Among 214[54%] premenopausal patients, both positive were 70[32.7%], both negative were 116 patients [54.2%], ER +ve /PR -ve 18 [8.4%] and ER -ve /PR +ve were10 patients [4.7%]. Among 182[46%] postmenopausal patients both positive were 65[35.7%] and both negative were 93 patients [51.1%]. ER +ve / PR -ve were18 [9.9%] and ER -ve/ PR +ve were 6 [3.3%]
Conclusion: Hormone receptor positivity is less than the negativity especially in premenopausal females
ABSTRACT
Introduction Radical surgery or chemoradiationtherapy is the options for treating early stagecervical cancer. The advanced stages are treatedwith radiation alone or concurrent chemoradiation.Concurrent cisplatinum based chemoradiation isconsidered the standard of care for carcinoma of thecervix and has shown a significantly improvedoverall survival and progression free survival inlocally advanced cancers. Despite improvedsurvival one third of the patients with advancedcancer of cervix have failure within two years. Socontinued improvement in treatment of advancedcervical cancer is needed. The concurrentparametrial boost with chemoradiation helps in locoregional control
Objective: To determine toxicityprofile in patients with cancer of cervix receivingchemo radiation with concurrent parametrial boost
Study Design: It is descriptive case series
Setting and duration: Radiotherapy DepartmentShaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital andResearch Center Lahore from December 2008 toJune 2009
Material and methods: Forty patientswith locally advanced carcinoma of cervix wereincluded. Concurrent parametrial boost was givenalong with chemoradiation. Patients were evaluatedfor toxicity weekly during treatment. SPSS softwarewas used for data analysis
Results: 40 patients withstage II-B to IV-A of carcinoma cervix werestudied. 22.5% patients suffered from Grade 1-3diarrhea, 27.5% had Anemia, 40% developedneutropenia and 17.5% suffered thrombocytopenia
Conclusion: Concurrent parametrial boost in locallyadvanced cervix carcinoma offers good results interms of acceptable toxicity
ABSTRACT
Objective: The demand of improved doseconformity of the tumor has been increased inRadiation Therapy with the advent of recentimaging facilities and efficient computertechnologies. This study was focused to investigatemore accurate dose conformity and delivery usingintensity modulated radiation therapy [IMRT]
Material and Methods: This study was conductedat department of Radiation Oncology ShaukatKhanum Cancer Hospital Lahore during January2011 to July 2011
Sample Size: Thirteen patientswere enrolled. Intensity modulated radiotherapyplans were explored for different beam directions insliding window and step and shoot technique, usingEclipse Treatment Planning System with LinearAccelerator. Thirteen patients were planned on 15MV X-ray for 5, 7, 9 and 13 fields making the doseconstraints analogous
Results: The rival plans werescrutinized using Dmean, Dmax, D1%, D95%, doseuniformity index [UI], dose conformity index [CI]and dose homogeneity index [HI]. Better coveragefor planning target volume was achieved using stepand shoot [multiple static segments] technique andreduced the dose to surrounding healthy tissues andorgans at-risk [OAR]
Conclusion: Step and shoottechnique has better results as compared to slidingwindow technique